InstrEng Instrumentation Engineering

Safety Relief Valve Material Selection

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<span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">An important factor in selecting the correct Safety Relief Valve is choosing the correct materials for the application. It is obviously impossible to cover all possible applications, but we will provide some general guidelines here.</span><br />
<br style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;" />
<span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;"><b>Sour gas applications:</b> Here, NACE recommendations should be followed. Most wrought grades are acceptable to NACE. Therefore, in general, duplex valves with bar stock nozzles and discs will meet NACE requirements. Some limited cast grades will generally comply also:</span><br />
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<li><span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">ASTM A890 CE3MN UNS J93404</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">ASME SA 351 CD3MWCuN UNS J93380</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">ASME SA 351 CE8MN UNS J93380</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">Z 6 CNDU 28.08 M, NF A 320-55 at 17 HRC MAX</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">ASTM A351 CK3MCUN (6Mo)</span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">High -temperature applications (>530°C): As a general rule, a bellows should be used so that the spring gets protected from heat and does not shift its characteristics during eventual temperature cycles.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">For body, bonnet and cap, up to 815 ° C cast materials can still safely be used : ASME SA 351 CF8M with a minimum 0.04% carbon content and maximum 8% ferrite content. In any case, full-rated and integral castings are recommended. Alternatives are:</span><br />
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<li><span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">ASME SA 351 CF8 SAME (with same chemical restrictions as CF8M)</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">ASME SA 217 WC6 (up to maximum 593 ° C)</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">ASME SA 217 WC9 (up to maximum 593 ° C)</span></li>
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<span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">Wrought materials can also be used up to 815 ° C: ASME SA 479 Grade 316H with a carbon content between 0.04% and 10%. Alternatives are:</span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">ASME SA 479 Grade 304H (same chemical restrictions as 316H)</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;"> ASME SA 479 Grade 347H (same chemical restrictions as 316H)</span></li>
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<span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">For the temperature range 530 ° C to 815 ° C, the following precautions should also be taken into consideration:</span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">Recommended bolting material: ASME SA 193 Grade B8 Class 2/ASME SA 194 Grade 8 – strain hardened. </span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">Recommended bellows material: INCONEL 625 Grade 2 (LCF) – annealed after forming or HAYNES ALLOY 230. ASTM B435 UNS N06230 is preferred above 650 ° C but is rather expensive. </span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">Recommended spring material: INCONEL X750. Above 232 ° C, 316SS springs should no longer be used. INCONEL X750 or chrome-plated springs should be considered. Note that cadmium plating used in the past is no longer allowed. </span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f6f8f9; color: #545454; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 18.488887786865234px;">Recommended gasket material: 316 STAINLESS STEEL.</span></li>
</ul>
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Instrumentation Inspection and Quality Control Questioner

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1)<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What is QA/QC?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> QA/QC means Quality assurance/Quality control the purpose of this (QA/QC) is to establish the sequence of requirement for the quality of material quality of works its inspection and records.</div>
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2)<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What is the basic responsibilities of a QA/QC personal ?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> To ensure execution of works and comply fully as per standard and approved speck.</div>
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3)<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What are QA/QC’s ITP’s and QCP? Give a brief?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> ITP: This is procedure informs about the kinds of quality check (surveillance inspection witness or hold points) means quality of works is being done in proper sequences.</div>
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QCP: This is procedure addresses the activities and requirement in details.</div>
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4) <strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What is NCR? Why does it need for a QA/QC personal?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> NCR means  Non-Compliance Report, QA/QC personal has reserve the right issue a warning of the contractor doesn’t comply or violate with the standard procedure.</div>
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5) <strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What are general work procedure (WP)?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> The. general sequence of activities will be as follows;</div>
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<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Receiving Drawing and documents.</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Reproduction of Drawing</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Issuing of Drawing to site</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">New issuing New revision</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Shredding of Drawings</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Redlining Drawings</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Transmittal of redlines to client (As-built).</li>
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6) <strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What is ISO? Explain some of its standards?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> ISO means international standard organization some of them are as below;</div>
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ISO;9001, ISO;9002, ISO,9003 etc.</div>
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7) <strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What are the standard height to install the instruments?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> Standard height to install the instruments is 1.4 meter but it can very less or more as per locations convenience.</div>
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8) <strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What is loop check?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> To ensure that the system wiring from field to control console functioning fine.</div>
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9) <strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What is different between open and close loop ?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> Open loop: A loop system which operates direct without any feedback and it generates the output in response to an input signal.</div>
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Close Loop: A loop system which uses measurement of the output signal through feedback and a comparison with the desired output to generate and error signal that is applied to the actuator.</div>
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10) <strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What are inspection points for a cable tray installation.</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> Material check as per approved spec, size and type, trays hook-up, proper distance structure, tray to tray i.e. power/control/and signal/low voltage and high voltage , support  fixed strongly not shaking.</div>
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11)<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> what are inspection point for field instruments with impulse tubing?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> Materials inspection as per approved spec material, type and size installation as per hook-up, check line route to avoid any obstruction check tube support, compression  fitting of ferrules, and then pressure test (hydrostatic test) shall be done.</div>
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12) <strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What are inspection points for cable laying.</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> material inspection as per approved materials, type and size, meggering, cable routing drawing, completion of cable route (tray conduit or trench etc) and cable numbering tags, cable bending, use of proper tools and equipment for cable pulling.</div>
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13) <strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What are inspection points for junction box and Marshalling cabinets.</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> Material inspection, type, size as per approved specification, installation hook-up</div>
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For frame, bracket or stands, fixed properly means shaking free, name plate and tag no.</div>
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14) <strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">how do you determine the correct installation of flow orifice?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> The orifice data (tag) shall be punched in the up stream of orifice , the data (tag) side shall be in the upstream  of flow direction.</div>
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15) <strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Explain why shield of signal cable is not earthed on both sides?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> To avoid the current noise (resonance).</div>
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16) <strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What is final RFI? When it shall be raised up?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> When the QA/QC department of contractor is satisfied that the work detailed in the construction RFI is completed, then request shall be submitted for inspection to the client QA/QC department.</div>
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17) <strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What are the required documents for an inspection?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> Following are the required documents for an inspection;</div>
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<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">RFI (Request for inspection)</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">P&ID for line verification</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">PP for location (pipe plan)</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Wiring diagram for wiring details</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Data sheet for calibration and pressure test</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Hook-up etc. for remote tubing/air line</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">QR for maintaining record</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">WP, work procedure, to check each and every steps as per spec.</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">QCO for issuing in case of little violation</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> NCR, for issuing in case of major violation etc.</li>
</ul>
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18)<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> What are the required documents for a remote loop folder?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> Following are the required documents for a remote loop folder:</div>
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<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Loop package check list</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">ILD (instrument loop diagrams)</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Instrument loop acceptance records(TR/test record)</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">P&ID (piping & instrument Diagram)</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">ISS/IDS(instrument specification sheet/instrument data sheet)</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Alarm List</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Calibration record (TR)</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Cable megger report (primary prior to pulling)</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Cable megger report (secondary after pulling)</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Pressure test record(TR)</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">MC check record (remote loop)(green color)</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">MC punch list</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Loop check punch list.</li>
</ul>
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19) <strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What are the required documents for a local loop folder?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> Following are the required documents for a local loop folder:</div>
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<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Loop package check list</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">ILD (if not mechanical loop)</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Cable megger report (primary prior to pulling) if not mechanical loop</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Cable megger report (secondary after pulling) if not mechanical loop</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Alarm list ( if not mechanical loop)</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">P&ID</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">ISS/ISD (instrument specification sheet/instrument data sheet)</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Calibration record (TR)</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Pressure test record(TR) if required</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">MC check record (local loop)(green color)</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">MC punch list</li>
<li style="border: 0px none; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Visual check punch list/loop check punch list.</li>
</ul>
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20) <strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What is schedule Q?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> Schedule Q is an attachment to the contract, which is the provision of quality</div>
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Assurance and control, Inspection and test plan.</div>
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21)<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> What is ITPs? What is hold points</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> ITP means inspection and test plan, details of work scope and required types of Inspections</div>
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Hold point (H) is the level of inspection that client inspection must required through RFI and cannot be proceeded until inspection is done by client.</div>
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Witness point (W)   is the level of inspection  that inspection activity can be proceeded without client inspection or if client is not available as per RFI timing.</div>
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22) <strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">What is RFI? When an RFI will be raised?</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ans></strong> Request for inspection (RFI), RFI shall be raised only when the status of the preliminary inspection is satisfactory, and the works (items) are hold or witness point.<br />
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Droid Sans, Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="line-height: 19.5px;">Resource: <a href="http://www.instreng.com/instrumentation-inspection-and-quality-control-questioner/">http://www.instreng.com/instrumentation-inspection-and-quality-control-questioner/</a></span></span></div>
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